The Winchester Model 70 is a legendary rifle, and pre-64 models are particularly prized by collectors and shooters alike. These rifles, produced before Winchester's 1964 redesign, are known for their superior craftsmanship and robust construction. However, distinguishing a genuine pre-64 from later models or even cleverly-crafted reproductions requires careful examination. This guide will help you identify key features to confirm authenticity.
What Makes a Pre-64 Winchester Model 70 Special?
Before diving into identification, understanding what makes a pre-64 Model 70 desirable is crucial. These rifles were built with a focus on quality that's largely absent in later iterations. Key features include:
- Mauser-type controlled round feed action: This is a hallmark of the pre-64. It's a strong, reliable design that's highly sought after.
- Solid bottom metal: The pre-64's floorplate and trigger guard are one solid piece, unlike the later models with separate components.
- High-quality materials: Pre-64 Winchesters used premium materials and meticulous craftsmanship.
- Hand-fitting: Many parts were hand-fitted, resulting in a tighter action and improved accuracy.
How to Identify a Pre-64 Winchester Model 70: Key Features
Several key features differentiate a pre-64 Winchester Model 70 from its successors. Carefully examine these areas:
1. The Serial Number
While not a definitive indicator on its own, the serial number can provide a strong clue. Pre-64 rifles typically have serial numbers that fall within specific ranges. You can find resources online listing these ranges, but this information is best paired with the other identifying features described below.
2. The Bolt
The bolt is a critical area to inspect. Pre-64 bolts feature:
- Controlled round feed: This is perhaps the single most important feature. The bolt pushes the cartridge directly into the chamber, preventing feeding malfunctions. Post-64 models switched to a push-feed system.
- "S" shaped claw extractor: The extractor on a pre-64 bolt is curved like an "S", while later models typically use a straight or slightly curved extractor.
3. Bottom Metal
As mentioned earlier, the bottom metal is a crucial distinguishing feature:
- One-piece floorplate and trigger guard: This is a hallmark of the pre-64 Winchester Model 70. Later models have a separate trigger guard and floorplate.
4. The Receiver Ring
Examine the receiver ring carefully. Pre-64 receivers often show more distinct machining marks, a result of the hand-fitting process. This is subtle, but experienced eyes can spot the difference.
5. Markings and Proof Marks
The rifle's markings and proof marks are important. Pay close attention to the location and style of the Winchester logo and other markings on the receiver and barrel. Authentic pre-64s will have markings consistent with their era.
6. Stock and Finish
While not foolproof, the stock and finish can offer clues. Pre-64 stocks are typically made of high-quality wood and exhibit superior craftsmanship. The finish also differs, often showing more character and less uniformity than later models.
Are There Any Common Mistakes to Avoid When Identifying a Pre-64 Model 70?
Yes, several common mistakes can lead to misidentification:
- Relying solely on the serial number: The serial number range alone is not definitive. Always corroborate this with other features.
- Ignoring minor variations: Some subtle differences might seem insignificant, but they can cumulatively point to authenticity or a reproduction.
- Not checking the bolt: The bolt is the most critical component for distinguishing a pre-64 from a later model.
Where Can I Find More Information and Expertise?
Several online forums and communities dedicated to Winchester rifles can provide valuable information and expert opinions. Consulting with experienced gunsmiths or collectors is also highly recommended, especially for high-value rifles.
Identifying a genuine pre-64 Winchester Model 70 requires a detailed and careful examination of various features. This guide serves as a starting point, but remember that professional assessment is crucial, especially when considering a significant financial investment.
